Global Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic Systems Based on the EP&O-MPC Algorithm

This paper addresses the challenge of environmental conditions in photovoltaic systems, which create multiple maximum power points and reduce energy efficiency. It proposes a hybrid control algorithm that prevents settling at local peaks and ensures tracking of the global maximum peak. The approach integrates an enhanced perturb and observe-based model predictive control algorithm, which predicts future states using reference current calculations. A boost converter regulates voltage and current, dynamically adjusting for optimal power extraction while minimizing hardware costs by eliminating the output current sensor. Simulations and hardware tests confirm that this method outperforms traditional techniques in cost-effectiveness and power efficiency.