Data Center Site Selection Considering Renewable Energy Integration in Shanghai

Traditional data centers reliant on fossil fuels conflict with the "dual carbon" targets, necessitating the exploration of a "renewable energy + innovative computing carrier" development path. This paper constructs a site selection model based on mixed integer programming, aiming to minimize the annual cost by comprehensively considering factors such as infrastructure construction, network access, wind power procurement, transmission, and carbon costs, thereby analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration on data center location decisions. Using Shanghai as a case study for validation, the results indicate that after connecting to offshore wind power, the optimal site shifts from the location with the lowest network cost to areas closer to wind power interfaces, reducing the total system cost by 4.6%. The submarine data center model demonstrates significant advantages in land cost, energy efficiency, and local wind power utilization.