Optimization of Photovoltaic Project Module Azimuth and Maximization of Benefits Based on Time-of-Use Tariff Mechanism

To address the challenge of peak-valley electricity price fluctuations for photovoltaic power plants under electricity marketization, this study takes a 3.3 MW (AC) photovoltaic array in Inner Mongolia as the research object to explore the optimization path of module azimuth. Without changing the module spacing or increasing land use and investment, PVsyst software simulation and electricity price benefit calculation show that when the azimuth is adjusted to －20°, the total power generation decreases by 1.52%, but the proportion of power generation during peak and off-peak periods increases by 0.09% and 2.81% respectively, with the annual average benefit rising by 1.78%. This study verifies the effectiveness of azimuth adjustment in adapting to market-oriented electricity prices, providing a replicable technical paradigm for improving the quality and efficiency of photovoltaic projects.