Research on Data Interaction Method Between Substation Centralized Monitoring System and Fault Recorder Master Station Based on Extended IEC 103 Protocol

Aiming at the problems existing between traditional substation monitoring systems and fault recorder master stations, such as data silos, low transmission efficiency, delayed fault response, and poor protocol extensibility, this paper proposes a data interaction method based on the extended IEC 103 protocol. This method adds a 2-byte substation address field to the APDU of the IEC 103 protocol to achieve multi-station data multiplexing through a single TCP channel; adopts a unique persistent connection mechanism with the fault recorder master station as the server, supporting concurrency of more than 200 stations; defines the CIME standardized model and implements incremental synchronization through operation flags; designs an automatic fault brief push mechanism and segmented transmission technology for recorder files. Experimental results show that this method increases network bandwidth utilization by 60%~70%, reduces fault brief push delay to less than 1 s, and improves the success rate of recorder file transmission from 80% to 99.9%, significantly enhancing the data interaction efficiency and fault response speed of substation monitoring systems, thus providing effective technical support for fault analysis and operation maintenance in smart grids.