Voltage Control Strategies for Distribution Networks with High Residential PV Penetration

To address voltage rise and limit violations in distribution networks with high-penetration distributed PV, a two-stage coordinated voltage control strategy using energy storage and PV is proposed. Stage I uses multiple storage units as primary actuators. A weighted objective combines voltage deviation, SOC deviation from the midpoint, and SOC balance. Under power, energy, and efficiency constraints, an improved particle swarm optimizer computes storage active-power dispatch to restore voltage compliance without curtailing PV and to maintain healthy, balanced SOC. Stage II is triggered when violations remain. It identifies critical PV units via sensitivities of bus voltage to active-power injections and computes an allocation that minimizes total curtailment, satisfying nodal voltage limits while reducing the impact on renewable output. Simulations on a custom 10-node distribution network validate the method. Results show effective overvoltage suppression, SOC concentration around the midpoint with convergent dispersion, and a marked reduction in PV curtailment.