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小电流工况下继电保护装置CT断线双重动态闭锁判别方法

A Method for Dual Dynamic Blocking Detection of CT Open Circuits in Relay Protection Systems Under Low-Current Conditions

  • 摘要: 小电流工况下,CT断线产生的残余电流与单相接地故障形成的零序电流在低信噪比区间存在幅值混叠与高次谐波衰减谱的类间不可分性,使得传统零序门槛判别法因特征空间线性不可分而导致保护装置频繁误闭锁或漏告警。对此,文章提出一种基于零序电流波形时序熵与基波-谐波能量比的双重动态闭锁判别方法。采用滑动窗口实时计算零序电流的波形时序熵,量化断线与接地故障在时域无序度上的差异;构建基波与3、5次谐波的能量比特征量,结合自适应阈值区分CT断线残余电流与接地故障电流;设计零序电流有效值与上述双重特征的协同闭锁逻辑,仅在有效值超限且时序熵与能量比均指向接地特征时才闭锁断线告警,否则允许正常判别。实验结果表明,在1%~5%额定电流下,该方法判别成功率超过90%,判别时间低于100 ms,显著降低漏判与误告警率,提升了小电流场景下CT断线判别的可靠性。

     

    Abstract: Under low-current conditions, the residual current caused by CT open circuits and the zero-sequence current resulting from single-phase ground faults exhibit amplitude aliasing and spectral indistinguishability between classes in the high-order harmonic attenuation spectrum within the low signal-to-noise ratio range. This causes traditional zero-sequence threshold discrimination methods to frequently result in false tripping or missed alarms due to linear separability issues in the feature space. To address this, this paper proposes a dual dynamic blocking discrimination method based on the temporal entropy of the zero-sequence current waveform and the fundamental-to-harmonic energy ratio. A sliding window is used to calculate the waveform temporal entropy of the zero-sequence current in real time, quantifying the difference in time-domain disorder between open-circuit and ground-fault conditions; an energy ratio feature between the fundamental and the 3rd and 5th harmonics is constructed, and adaptive thresholds are employed to distinguish between CT open-circuit residual current and ground-fault current; A collaborative blocking logic is designed using the rms value of the zero-sequence current and the aforementioned dual features, which blocks the open-circuit alarm only when the rms value exceeds the threshold and both the temporal entropy and energy ratio indicate ground fault characteristics; otherwise, normal discrimination is permitted. Experimental results show that, under 1%–5% of rated current, this method achieves a discrimination success rate exceeding 90% with a response time of less than 100 ms, significantly reducing the rates of missed detections and false alarms while enhancing the reliability of CT open-circuit detection in low-current scenarios.

     

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