Abstract: As the core production equipment of power plants, the operational efficiency of boilers is directly related to the safety and economy of electricity production. In response to the common problems of low coal utilization rate and high energy consumption, it is urgent to implement targeted energy-saving renovations based on actual working conditions, in order to deeply explore the potential for consumption reduction and improve comprehensive benefits. This article systematically analyzes the key limiting factors that affect the energy-saving transformation of boilers, and proposes feasible transformation strategies from the dimensions of combustion optimization, waste heat recovery, and intelligent regulation, taking into account both technical feasibility and economic rationality. The aim is to provide strong support for improving the energy efficiency of power plant boilers and help achieve low-carbon and efficient operation goals.