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面向新型电力系统智能运维的具身智能关键技术与发展趋势

Key Technologies and Development Trends of Embodied Intelligence for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of New Power Systems

  • 摘要: 针对新型电力系统运维对象分散、设备状态变化快及故障识别与现场执行相分离的问题,界定了具身智能与传统电力人工智能及自动化巡检机器人的工程边界,提出包含任务输入、任务级规划、感知与状态认知、运动规划与技能执行、物理本体及独立安全监督的分层闭环架构。围绕多模态感知、任务规划与技能执行、精确操作和安全控制等关键技术,分析了变电站异常复勘、配电网与变电站设备操作及新能源场站协同运维三类场景的适用条件与工程成熟度。表明分析,近期应优先部署结构化环境下的异常复勘与低风险重复性操作,改变设备运行状态的动作须保留人工授权与结果复核的双重确认机制。最后从数据建设、跨场景泛化、实时控制、标准接口及分级验证等方面提出了工程化发展路径。

     

    Abstract: To address the challenges of dispersed maintenance objects, rapidly changing equipment states, and the disconnection between fault identification and field execution in new power systems, this paper defines the engineering boundary separating embodied intelligence from conventional power-sector artificial intelligence and automated inspection robots. A layered closed-loop architecture is proposed, comprising task input, task-level planning, perception and state cognition, motion planning and skill execution, physical agents, and independent safety supervision. Key enabling technologies—including multimodal perception, task planning and skill execution, precise manipulation, and safety control—are examined across three application scenarios: substation anomaly reinspection, distribution and substation equipment operation, and coordinated maintenance at renewable-energy stations. The analysis indicates that near-term deployment should prioritize abnormal reinspection and low-risk repetitive operations within structured environments, while any action that may alter equipment operating states must remain subject to both human authorization and execution-result verification. Finally, development pathways are proposed in terms of data infrastructure, cross-scenario generalization, real-time control, standardized interfaces, and graded verification.

     

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