Abstract: Against the backdrop of the rapid development of the digital economy, the thermal load of 5G base station equipment continues to rise. Traditional cooling solutions—such as single-compressor refrigeration and simple fresh-air cooling—suffer from prominent issues including low energy efficiency, uneven temperature distribution within the cabinet, frequent high-temperature alarms, and poor dust and water resistance. Addressing the application challenges of integrated telecommunications cabinets—including high heat dissipation, year-round continuous operation, and unattended outdoor deployment—this paper presents a smart, coordinated cooling system that combines a gravity-driven low-temperature-difference heat pipe with a compressor as dual cooling sources. The system integrates two independent heat exchange circuits—natural heat pipe cooling and mechanical compressor refrigeration—and utilizes intelligent control algorithms to enable seamless switching between three operating modes: pure heat pipe, pure compressor, and dual-source coordination. Through the intelligent control system, the system continuously monitors the cabinet’s internal heat load and outdoor environmental conditions. During transitional seasons and winter, it prioritizes and maximizes the use of natural outdoor cooling sources; during high-temperature seasons, it seamlessly switches to or supplements with high-efficiency mechanical refrigeration, thereby reducing the operating time of the compressor-based mechanical refrigeration and achieving a significant improvement in overall annual energy efficiency.