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高边隔离驱动芯片输出引脚的片外复合浪涌抑制电路设计

Design of an off-chip composite surge suppression circuit for the output pins of a high-side isolation driver chip

  • 摘要: 工业控制和汽车电子领域中,由于感性负载的反电动势和电源传导浪涌引起的瞬态过压问题,使高边驱动芯片输出引脚容易受到损坏,现有的片内保护结构能量吸收能力不足,缺少完整的片外保护方案。因此本文对高边隔离驱动电路中浪涌电压的产生机理及传导路径进行了分析,提出了一种由TVS二极管、P沟道钳位MOSFET和RC缓冲网络共同构成的复合片外抑制电路,给出了完整的器件参数设计方法,兼顾了反向续流和正向过压两种应用场合。根据LTSPICE仿真和12V实验平台的双重验证,可以得出结论,在不增加额外隔离电源损耗的情况下,该方案可以把感性负载关断浪涌峰值从原来的48V降低到15.3V,保护响应时间小于80ns,仿真负向峰值被钳制在?2.3V以内,实验验证驱动芯片在ISO 7637-2标准规定的全部5类脉冲条件下工作正常,电路结构简单,不需要额外的控制逻辑,有较好的工程应用价值

     

    Abstract: Transient overvoltage at the output pin of a high-side driver IC in the field of industrial control and automotive electronics is caused by back-EMF from inductive load turn-off and conducted surges from the power rail, and it is susceptible to damage. The on-chip protection structures have a small amount of energy absorption capacity, and a full off-chip solution has not been put forward yet. Therefore, we will study the generation mechanism and conduction path of surge voltages in high-side isolated gate driver circuits. A composite off-chip suppression circuit has been proposed; it is made up of a TVS diode, a P-channel clamping MOSFET and an RC snubber network, and both the full-parameter design method for reverse freewheeling and forward overvoltage situations have been developed. The two verification methods are LTSPICE simulation and a 12V experimental platform; it can be confirmed through these that the proposed scheme has reduced the peak of the inductive load turn-off surge from 48V to 15.3V and has a protection response time of less than 80ns. Set the simulation clamp to -2.3V, and then the driver IC will be able to work normally for all five pulse categories of ISO 7637-2. No extra control logic is needed for the circuit; it is small and simple

     

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