基于复数磁导率的高频变压器利兹线损耗建模与磁屏蔽影响分析
Loss Modeling and Magnetic Shielding Effect Analysis of Litz-Wire Windings in High-Frequency Transformers Based on Complex Permeability
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摘要: 高频变压器绕组损耗的准确评估对提升系统功率密度与运行效率具有重要意义。然而,在高频漏磁场作用下,利兹线邻近效应损耗仍较显著,且传统精细化模型存在建模复杂、计算量大的问题。为此,本文提出一种基于复数磁导率的利兹线均质化损耗建模方法,并进一步分析磁屏蔽的影响。建立了考虑几何填充因子的单匝和多匝利兹线等效模型,结合有限元磁场分析与数值积分计算高频损耗,并通过多匝密集绕组模型及宽频阻抗测试进行了验证。结果表明,所提方法与精细有限元结果吻合较好,误差均在5%以内;磁屏蔽可降低绕组周围磁场强度,并表现出一定的降损潜力。Abstract: Accurate evaluation of winding loss in high-frequency transformers is of great significance for improving power density and operating efficiency. However, under the influence of high-frequency leakage magnetic fields, the proximity-effect loss in Litz wire remains considerable, while traditional fine-scale models suffer from high modeling complexity and computational cost. To address this issue, a homogenized loss modeling method for Litz wire based on complex permeability is proposed, and the effect of magnetic shielding is further analyzed. Equivalent models for single-turn and multi-turn Litz-wire windings considering the geometric filling factor are established. High-frequency loss is calculated by combining finite-element magnetic field analysis with numerical integration, and the proposed method is validated by a compact multi-turn winding model and wide-frequency impedance measurements. The results show that the proposed method agrees well with fine-scale finite-element results, with errors within 5%. In addition, magnetic shielding can reduce the magnetic field intensity around the winding and exhibits certain potential for loss reduction.
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