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基于改进NSGA-II算法的配电网无功补偿研究

Research on Reactive Power Compensation of Distribution Network Based on Improved NSGA-II Algorithm

  • 摘要: 针对配电网无功调节过程中局部控制依赖较强、离散补偿设备与连续调节装置协同不足,以及网损、电压偏差和设备动作约束难以统一权衡的问题,构建以系统有功网损、节点电压偏差和设备动作代价为优化目标的多目标补偿模型。研究以中压径向配电网为对象,分别刻画电容器组、电抗器组及配电型 SVC 的调节特征,利用支路潮流模型表达功率传递关系和节点电压限制,并对 SVC/TCR 的触发角范围及连续控制变量进行规范化处理。考虑补偿设备中整数投切变量和连续无功输出变量同时存在的特点,设计融合混合编码、约束可行性排序和关键变量局部扰动的改进 NSGA-II 求解方法。算例分析显示,采用改进 NSGA-II 得到的折中方案可使最低节点电压由 0.9038 p.u.提高到 0.9841 p.u.,线路有功网损由 212.00 kW降至154.68 kW,同时减少不必要的电容器投切,为配电网无功补偿策略选择提供了参考依据。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the problems of local voltage-based control, insufficient coordination between discrete switching devices and continuous reactive power devices, and incomplete consideration of both network losses and device losses in distribution networks, a multi-objective reactive power compensation model is proposed. The model is formulated for a medium-voltage radial distribution network. Capacitor banks, shunt reactors and distribution-level SVC devices are described with explicit operating constraints, while branch-flow equations are used to represent network power balance and voltage limits. An improved NSGA-II algorithm with mixed coding, feasibility-priority constraint handling and sensitive-gene local search is developed. Case studies show that the proposed method can obtain feasible Pareto solutions among active power losses, voltage deviation and switching actions, providing a technical reference for reactive power compensation in distribution networks.

     

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