Abstract:
To address the coupled sizing of photovoltaic carports, energy storage, and charging piles caused by fluctuations in electric-vehicle charging behavior in industrial parks, a joint sizing method considering charging uncertainty is proposed. Monte Carlo sampling and K-means clustering are used to generate representative charging scenarios. Photovoltaic-output, storage-operation, orderly-charging, and grid-interaction constraints are formulated, and equipment capacities are optimized by minimizing the annualized total cost. The case study shows that coordinating photovoltaic generation, storage, and orderly charging reduces the annualized cost by 74.68%, cuts the peak grid-purchase power by 77.53%, and avoids approximately 217.72 t of carbon emissions per year. The method provides a reference for planning integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging systems in industrial parks.