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基于无功计量原理的计量装置运行向量图生成技术研究及实践

Research and Practice on Generating Operational Vector Diagrams for Metering Devices Based on Reactive Power Metrology Principles

  • 摘要: 电能计量装置运行向量图是研判其运行状态是否正常的核心技术手段。传统获取方法需通过现场带电检测电能表电压与电流间的相位角,再依据相角关系完成向量图绘制,存在作业流程复杂、安全性不足及仅能获取瞬时测量值的局限。因此,提出一种智能电能表向量图的非现场生成方法,该方法充分利用电能表自身计量芯片的测量功能,通过红外掌机终端或用电信息采集系统远程获取电压、电流、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等 15 min 冻结测量数据值,结合有功、无功计量原理协同计算与逻辑判据,实现向量图的精准绘制。经工程验证,该方法生成的向量图与现场带电检测结果的相位误差≤±1°,无需开展现场带电检测作业。该方法不仅可为计量装置运行异常自动研判及相关大模型训练提供可靠数据支撑,弥补了传统测试方法仅能测量当前瞬时值的技术短板,并能够达到甚至在特定条件下超过传统方法的测试精度和测试效果,为电能计量装置的运行监测与状态评价提供了更安全、高效、精准的技术解决方案,具有重要的工程应用价值。

     

    Abstract: The operational vector diagram of electric energy metering devices serves as a core technical tool for evaluating their operational status. Traditional methods require on-site live-line detection of the phase angle between voltage and current in electricity meters, followed by vector diagram generation based on phase relationships. These approaches suffer from complex workflows, safety risks, and limitations to instantaneous measurements only. To address these issues, this paper proposes an off-site generation method for smart electricity meter vector diagrams, which fully leverages the measurement functions of the meter’s built-in metrology chip. By remotely acquiring 15-minute frozen data (voltage, current, active/reactive power, power factor, etc.) via infrared handheld terminals or electricity information collection systems, combined with coordinated calculations of active/reactive power phase angles and logical criteria based on reactive power metrology principles, this method achieves precise vector diagram generation. Engineering validation demonstrates that the generated vector diagrams exhibit a phase error of≤±1°compared to on-site live-line detection results, eliminating the need for field operations. This approach not only provides reliable data support for automated anomaly diagnosis of metering devices and related large-scale model training, overcoming the traditional limitation of capturing only instantaneous values, but also delivers testing accuracy and performance comparable to, or exceeding, conventional methods under specific conditions. It offers a safer, more efficient, and accurate solution for monitoring and condition assessment of electric energy metering devices, holding significant engineering application value.

     

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