Abstract: With the accelerated upgrading and transformation of power systems, the output of decommissioned power cables has surged year by year. The efficient resource utilization of their metal cores and polymer insulation layers is an important measure to implement the "dual carbon" goals. Aiming at the characteristics of complex structure and heterogeneous composition of decommissioned power cables, this study systematically compares the applicable scenarios of three mainstream treatment technologies: low-temperature crushing combined with wind separation, high-voltage electrostatic separation, and chemical dissolution with environmentally friendly solvents. A multi-objective optimization model covering resource recovery rate, unit energy consumption, environmental impact index and economic cost was constructed. The weights were determined by coupling the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weight method, and the comprehensive evaluation of technical routes was completed combined with the TOPSIS method. Based on the empirical analysis of decommissioned cables with different specifications (10kV, 35kV, 110kV) and compositions (copper/aluminum cores, cross-linked polyethylene/polyvinyl chloride insulation), a technical selection decision matrix was established to provide low-carbon and efficient resource treatment schemes for various decommissioned power cables. The research results show that the chemical dissolution method with environmentally friendly solvents is the preferred technology for copper-core cables, with a resource recovery rate of up to 98.7% and a 42% reduction in carbon emission intensity compared with traditional methods; low-temperature crushing combined with wind separation is the optimal choice for aluminum-core and small-to-medium cross-section cables with the best comprehensive benefits; high-voltage electrostatic separation exhibits a balanced advantage in the treatment of mixed-material cables. This study provides technical support and decision-making basis for the engineering practice of resource utilization of decommissioned power cables.