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光伏并网系统功率因数与电压协同治理装置及方法研究

Research on Coordinated Control Device and Method for Power Factor and Voltage in Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Systems

  • 摘要: 随着分布式光伏在工业领域规模化应用,工厂配电网光伏接入比例提升,引发功率因数不达标、低压母线电压升超标等问题,导致企业面临力调电费考核、供电稳定性下降等困境。针对现有治理技术中无功补偿与电压调节脱节、反送电工况适配性差等不足,本文提出一种光伏并网功率因数与电压协同治理装置及方法。该装置由控制器、计量电表及辅助检测元件组成,通过RS485通信实现数据联动采集,基于变压器低压出线节点电力状态四象限分类,构建无功补偿与有载调压变压器变比调节的协同控制策略。有效解决光伏并网电能质量问题,为工业光伏并网电能质量治理提供高效可靠的技术方案,具有重要工程应用价值和理论参考意义。

     

    Abstract: With the large-scale application of distributed photovoltaics (PV) in the industrial sector, the penetration rate of PV integration into factory distribution networks has increased, causing problems such as non-compliant power factors and excessive voltage rise on low?voltage busbars. These issues expose enterprises to power factor penalty charges and reduced supply stability. In view of the shortcomings of existing treatment technologies, such as the disconnection between reactive power compensation and voltage regulation, and poor adaptability to reverse power flow conditions, this paper proposes a coordinated control device and method for power factor and voltage in PV grid?connected systems. The device consists of a controller, metering instruments, and auxiliary detection components. It achieves coordinated data acquisition via RS485 communication. Based on a four?quadrant classification of the power state at the low?voltage outgoing node of the transformer, a coordinated control strategy is established combining reactive power compensation and tap?changing of the on?load tap?changing transformer. This effectively resolves power quality issues in PV grid connection, provides an efficient and reliable technical solution for industrial PV power quality management, and holds significant engineering application value and theoretical reference significance.

     

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