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光学互感器电磁屏蔽设计及试验研究

Design and Experimental Research on Electromagnetic Shielding of Optical Transformers

  • 摘要: 为解决光学互感器所处环境高压设备密集、电磁环境恶劣复杂、电气单元噪声大、数据丢失甚至通信中断等问题,从工艺、材料、信号屏蔽、接地技术、滤波去耦等多角度,提出光学互感器的电气单元电磁兼容系统化解决方案,包括改良电子设备中的电路设计。在整个电子设备外壳具有高电磁波发射能力的电路和器件周围,添加电磁波屏蔽罩、粘贴金属箔、喷涂导电涂料、镀一层导电金属层、增加电磁波吸收材料。采用部分悬浮接地、部分混合接地的接地技术,最大程度上抑制电路内部的噪声耦合,防止外部电磁干扰的侵入,从而提高电气单元的抗干扰能力。采用双层屏蔽等屏蔽技术,提升模块和电气单元整体的抗电磁干扰能力;采用抗干扰传输方式及去耦合方式,确保敏感信号在强电磁环境下的完整性与稳定性。试验数据表明,改进后光学互感器的电气单元静电放电、传导骚扰及辐射骚扰等电磁兼容试验均满足试验要求,改进效果有效,产品的整体电磁兼容性得到提升,并且满足工程应用。

     

    Abstract: In order to solve the severe issues of high noise, data loss, and even communication interruption in the electrical units of optical transformers, which operate in environments with dense high-voltage equipment and complex electromagnetic conditions, this thesis proposes a systematic electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) solution for the electrical units of optical transformers from multiple perspectives, including process, material, signal shielding, grounding technology, and filtering decoupling. The solutions encompass improving the circuit design in electronic devices, adding electromagnetic shielding covers, attaching metal foil, spraying conductive coatings, plating a layer of conductive metal, and incorporating electromagnetic wave absorbing materials around circuits and components with high electromagnetic emission capabilities within the entire electronic device casing. Additionally, grounding techniques with partial floating and mixed grounding are employed to maximize the suppression of internal noise coupling within the circuit and prevent the intrusion of external electromagnetic interference, thereby enhancing the anti-interference capability of the electrical units. Shielding technologies such as double shielding are adopted to improve the overall EMC capability of the modules and electrical units. Anti-interference transmission methods and decoupling techniques are also utilized. Experimental data demonstrates that the electrical units of the improved optical transformers meet the test requirements for EMC tests, including electrostatic discharge, conducted disturbance, and radiated disturbance. The improvement is effective, significantly enhancing the overall EMC of the product and satisfying engineering application requirements.

     

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