Abstract: To address the dual challenges posed by intermittent photovoltaic output and dynamic traffic flow fluctuations in highway microgrid scheduling, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization scheduling method based on the operational characteristics of the power grid. Taking economy, power supply reliability, and transportation grid synergy as optimization objectives, a multi-objective mathematical model is constructed by comprehensively considering power balance, photovoltaic penetration threshold, energy storage charging and discharging characteristics, and transportation microgrid coupling constraints. The sparrow search algorithm is used to efficiently solve the model. The test results show that the proposed method can effectively coordinate the output of multiple energy sources, significantly improve the system′s power supply reliability and photovoltaic consumption capacity, and provide theoretical support for the optimized operation of microgrids in dynamic transportation environments.