Abstract: In order to enhance the fault ride through capability of distributed photovoltaic systems under grid disturbances, this study proposes a hierarchical control strategy that integrates dynamic MPPT algorithm. By constructing a modular control architecture, combining an improved P&O algorithm with an adaptive step size mechanism, and introducing grid state feedback to optimize power tracking efficiency, small signal modeling and Lyapunov criterion are used to conduct system stability analysis. Through hardware in the loop experiments, the control strategy has been verified to have high power recovery rate and low THD characteristics under various disturbance scenarios such as voltage drop and frequency fluctuation. Analysis shows that this strategy can effectively improve the dynamic stability and grid adaptability of photovoltaic systems.