Abstract: To address the issues of insufficient accuracy in aging assessment of high-voltage cables and single-dimensional operation and maintenance strategies, this study takes a 220 kV substation in Beijing as a case example. An integrated management system is designed, incorporating a multi-dimensional aging evaluation model and a differential decision-making mechanism, with an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm employed to optimize operational strategies. The research achieves accurate identification of cable aging status and enables dynamic adjustment of maintenance operations, significantly enhancing power supply reliability.