Abstract: In response to the impact of power load fluctuations in industrial enterprises on the operational efficiency and economy of dry electrostatic precipitators, this paper establishes an operational optimization strategy based on power load fluctuations. By analyzing the characteristics of load fluctuations and their influence mechanisms on the voltage stability and operating costs of dust collectors, a comprehensive optimization scheme was constructed, including a load forecasting model, dynamic adjustment of electrical parameters, and optimization of mechanical operating parameters. Taking the dust collector of a 180 m² sintering machine in a certain steel enterprise as an example for verification, the results show that the dust removal efficiency has increased from 98.5% to 99.2%, the annual electricity-saving rate has reached 19.4%, and the payback period of the project investment is 2.6 years.