Abstract: The explosion-proof box is an important device for alleviating explosion impact of high-voltage cable joints under high-current working conditions. Based on the stress distribution law and deformation characteristics of traditional explosion-proof boxes during explosion, this paper explores the influence of the design of energy release holes on the energy release path and uniform stress distribution of the explosion-proof box. In addition, porous media are designed inside the explosion-proof box to mitigate shock waves and consume energy, realizing multi-level regulation of internal stress distribution. This study provides a feasible path for the reliable and safe protection design of cable explosion-proof boxes.