Abstract: While transmission lines ensure the continuous power supply of the power system, they increase the complexity of single-phase ground short-circuit fault detection and handling. Through in-depth research on fault characteristics analysis, detection technologies, and emergency response strategies, it can ensure the safety of operating personnel and the stable operation of the power system. At the same time, it can analyze faults in a timely manner and provide fault data analysis and solutions for corresponding faults. By combining digital twin technology and convolutional neural network technology, the accuracy and efficiency of single-phase short-circuit fault diagnosis and analysis of transmission lines are significantly improved, providing strong support for single-phase short-circuit fault analysis of transmission lines and intelligent fault management.