Abstract: To address the need for real-time monitoring of the operating status of lead-acid batteries inside UPS power supplies in railway signal power rooms, a wireless battery monitoring system has been designed. This system uses the STM32F407VET6 microcontroller as its control core and integrates various measurement modules to enable real-time collection of battery parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. It conducts data interaction with the LabVIEW upper computer via a wireless communication module, and can issue timely alarms if faults occur during battery operation, thus ensuring the continuity and safety of the railway communication system.