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发电机局部放电信号在线监测方法

Online Monitoring Method of Partial Discharge Signal in Generator

  • 摘要: 局部放电信号监测方法通常基于传统的信号处理与分析技术,通过设定信号幅值的阈值来判断局部放电事件。然而,由于未能捕捉放电的瞬态特征,导致监测精度较差,因此提出发电机局部放电信号在线监测方法。通过多通道传感器采集含噪放电信号并将其分解为多尺度近似系数与细节系数。结合软阈值函数对细节系数进行非线性收缩并借助逆小波变换重构局部放电信号,在平滑信号的同时突出放电的瞬态特征。在各窗口内对信号进行相空间重构,并根据元素大小对重构向量进行符号化处理。通过统计各符号序列出现的概率,计算出信号排列熵,并将其输入极限学习机模型进行放电模式识别及监测。实验测试结果表明,采用提出的方法进行局部放电信号在线监测时放电模式标签覆盖度超过96%,具备较为理想的监测效果。

     

    Abstract: The monitoring methods for partial discharge signals typically rely on traditional signal processing and analysis techniques, judging partial discharge events by setting thresholds for signal amplitude values. However, due to the failure to capture the transient characteristics of discharges, the monitoring accuracy is relatively poor. Therefore, an online monitoring method for partial discharge signals in generators is proposed. This method involves collecting noisy discharge signals using multi-channel sensors and decomposing them into multi-scale approximation coefficients and detail coefficients. Nonlinear shrinkage is applied to the detail coefficients using a soft-thresholding function, and the partial discharge signal is reconstructed with the aid of inverse wavelet transform, highlighting the transient characteristics of discharges while smoothing the signal. Phase space reconstruction of the signal is performed within each window, and the reconstructed vectors are symbolized based on the magnitude of their elements. By statistically analyzing the probabilities of various symbol sequences, the permutation entropy of the signal is calculated and input into an extreme learning machine model for discharge pattern recognition and monitoring. Experimental test results demonstrate that when the proposed method is employed for online monitoring of partial discharge signals, the coverage of discharge pattern labels exceeds 96%, indicating a relatively ideal monitoring effect.

     

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