Abstract: Aiming at the problem of insufficient accuracy of traditional substation operation and maintenance strategy in modeling and data optimization, this paper proposes a new intelligent operation and maintenance strategy of power system substation based on improved SSA-PSO algorithm. Firstly, the state data of substation is analyzed, and the comprehensive index calculation method for intelligent operation and maintenance of substation is proposed. Secondly, the correlation coefficient and deep regression analysis are used to analyze the correlation between the comprehensive index and the risk of substation operation failure. Then, the intelligent operation and maintenance model of substation with the lowest maintenance cost and fault risk is established. The sparrow search algorithm (SSA) is used to optimize the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to optimize the operation and maintenance model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by an application example. The optimization strategy can significantly improve the power supply reliability and economy of the substation.