Abstract: Rational control of the load of air conditioning units promotes the balance of power supply and demand and ensures the stable operation of the power grid. Based on historical data, a linear regression model is used to fit the characteristics of air conditioning equipment, and an air conditioning load model is constructed by combining the ETP parameters of the air conditioning unit's location. Considering the allowable shutdown time of air conditioners, an evaluation method for air conditioning regulation potential is proposed. A demand response mechanism is proposed considering the relationship among the power grid, district, and air conditioning users. Taking the minimum deviation between the power change of air conditioning units and the power grid demand as the objective function, an air conditioning control strategy based on the indoor temperature not exceeding the reasonable range of user comfort is proposed. Finally, a particle swarm algorithm is used for case analysis to calculate the adjustable control potential of air conditioning units, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in this paper.