Abstract: In the current process of electrical main wiring topology reconstruction, the reconstruction scheme mainly relies on the gradual optimization algorithm (POA), which is more dependent on the initial state, resulting in higher power grid operation losses after reconstruction. Therefore, a topology reconstruction technique for electrical main wiring based on differential evolution algorithm is proposed. Thoroughly analyze the operating principle of the distribution network and determine the process of electrical main wiring topology conversion. Set two reconstruction objectives: minimizing the loss of power grid operation under load and minimizing the cost of power grid operation switch actions, and provide a series of reconstruction constraints for the topology conversion process. Introducing differential evolution algorithm, leveraging its powerful search capability and superior convergence performance, to find the optimal topology reconstruction scheme that meets the reconstruction objectives. The experimental results show that for a distribution network containing 50 nodes, applying this method to complete the topology reconstruction of the main connection results in a daily operation loss of only 295 kW, greatly improving the quality of power system operation.