Abstract: In response to the problem of airborne electronic equipment being susceptible to electrostatic discharge interference under complex environmental conditions, research on electrostatic protection technology considering environmental factors is carried out. By constructing a relationship function between environmental factors and electrostatic discharge, analyzing the impact of different environmental factors on breakdown voltage, peak discharge current, and time delay, and clarifying the key role of environmental factors in electrostatic discharge. Based on Paschen's law and experimental data, calculate the electrostatic protection parameters of electronic devices, determine the transient peak current, peak power, and maximum clamping voltage of TVS tubes, and provide theoretical basis for the selection of protective devices. By designing a protective circuit with TVS tube as the core, transient high voltage is clamped to the range that the backend circuit can withstand, and combined with bidirectional TVS tube to cope with positive and negative electrostatic shocks. Through verification of protective performance, it has been proven that the protective circuit can effectively clamp transient high voltage and discharge transient peak current under different humidity conditions, significantly improving the electrostatic protection capability of airborne electronic equipment.