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限流熔断器用纯银带材丝轧扁加工技术研究进展

Research Progress in the Flattening Technology of Sterling Silver Strip Wire for Current Limiting Fuses

  • 摘要: 阐述了限流熔断器用纯银带材丝轧扁加工技术的研究进展及其产业化应用。基于纯银的优异导电性(≥100%IACS)、导热性(429 W/(m·K))、耐电弧烧蚀性及延展性,其在熔断器熔体材料领域具有不可替代性。然而,其加工过程中存在的晶粒均匀性调控、表面缺陷抑制及尺寸精度控制等关键技术瓶颈,严重制约了熔断器分断性能的稳定性。从熔炼铸造、冷拔拉丝、丝材轧制及退火工艺等核心环节展开分析,揭示了铸造缺陷(气孔、夹杂)、轧制厚度公差超限(>±1.5μm)及退火工艺非标准化导致的成材率低(<80%)和性能离散性等核心问题。研究进一步提出高纯化(纯度≥99.9995%)、细晶化(晶粒尺寸≤500 nm)、智能化加工(基于数字孪生的多参数协同调控)及短流程制造(吨银材能耗≤300 kWh)等前沿技术路径,并通过设备国产化、全产业链整合及标准化体系构建,实现高端银带材自主化(国产化率≥90%),推动电力保护器件向超快响应、高可靠方向演进。研究为高性能熔断器材料的研发与产业化提供了理论支撑及工程化解决方案。

     

    Abstract: In this paper, the research progress and industrial application of the technology of flatting sterling silver strip wire for current limiting fuses are systemat ically reviewed. Sterling silver is irreplaceable in the field of fuse melt materials due to its excellent electrical conductivity(≥100% IACS), thermal conductivity(429 W/(m·K)), arc ablation resistance and ductility. However, the key technical bottlenecks such as grain uniformity control, surface defect suppression and dimensional accuracy control in the machining process seriously restrict the stability of the breaking performance of the fuse. This paper analyzes the core processes of melting casting, cold drawing, wire rolling and annealing, and reveals the core problems such as casting defects(pores, inclusions), excessive rolling thickness tolerance(>±1.5 μm), low yield(<80%) and discrete properties caused by non-standard annealing process. The research further proposes cutting-edge technology paths such as high purification(purity ≥99.9995%), fine crystallization(grain size ≤500 nm), intelligent processing(multi-parameter collaborative regulation based on digital twin) and short process manufacturing(energy consumption of tons of silver material ≤300 kWh), and emphasizes the localization of equipment, the integration of the whole industry chain and the construction of a standardized system. Achieve the autonomy of high-end silver strip(localization rate ≥90%), and promote the evolution of power protection devices to ultra-fast response and high reliability. This paper provides theoretical support and engineering solutions for the development and industrialization of high performance fuse materials.

     

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