Abstract: To improve the debugging efficiency of the relay protection system in 110 kV substations, a research on the installation and debugging technology of the relay protection system in 110 kV substations is proposed. Install protective cabinets to ensure efficient connection of electrical circuits and accurate data transmission. Adopting a combination of prefabricated cables and laying methods to follow the planned path, ensuring that the cables are laid in good condition. The debugging phase follows the debugging plan, ensuring the stable operation of the relay protection system through preliminary preparation, parameter setting, fault simulation, communication verification, system integration debugging, line protection setting, and circuit breaker control circuit debugging. The experimental results show that the research method can improve the success rate of relay protection system debugging, ensure the stable operation of the power system, and has practical application value.