Abstract: With the wide application of hydropower station, its stable and efficient operation is very important to ensure the energy supply and the safety of power system. However, the complexity and harsh working environment of hydroelectric power generation equipment make it prone to failure. The traditional fault diagnosis and maintenance methods based on experience and regular inspection can no longer meet the current needs, and an efficient and intelligent solution is urgently needed. In this paper, a system architecture scheme based on modern information technology is proposed to solve the problem of fault diagnosis and maintenance decision-making faced by hydropower plants during operation. The application shows that the system architecture scheme can effectively improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and the scientificity of maintenance decision, and significantly improve the operation efficiency and safety of hydropower plant. At the same time, it also provides a new idea and technical support for the intelligent management of hydropower plants.