Abstract: This paper proposes a power line fault detection and location method based on wireless sensor network(WSN) in view of the problems such as wide distribution range and high laying cost in traditional power line fault detection and location. It focuses on analyzing the characteristics of single-phase ground faults, detection methods and the implementation methods of location detection. A fault detection simulation model is established by combining with MATLAB/Simulink, and the single-phase ground fault detection method is simulated and tested. The simulation results show the correctness of the detection method.