Abstract: The infrared detection system gradually adopts the focal plane detector with larger surface array and faster frequency to detect the infrared signal, so the system data volume increases exponentially. Based on this, a 10 Gigabit Ethernet high-speed data transmission scheme is designed, with FPGA as the main control core chip, the data transmission link is constructed, the UDP protocol is used to realize high-speed data transmission, and the transmission module adopts the AXI4-Stream protocol for communication. The transmission scheme is tested and verified in the infrared detection system, and the system data transmission speed can reach 9.7 Gbps, which meets the system data transmission requirements. For the large data volume transmission verification, no data loss point error occurs, indicating the reliability of the transmission scheme, has practical application value.